Mine really didn't. My biceps at one point started looking like I did't train at all which is really frustrating to say the least.
I've also noticed 5x5 doesn't work out your biceps, but practically you don't use your bicep muscle for strength lifts so it makes sense. You can flip your hands in the barbell row so that your palms face outwards. You won't be able to row as heavy, but it works your biceps more at the sacrifice of your upper back.
But again, 5x5 is a strength training program. You may not gain much bulk at all. If you look at middle weight power lifting competitors, they look like normal people.