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https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/24/opinion/fake-news-philippines.html
Fake News Floods the Philippines
Fake News Floods the Philippines
MANILA — Yen Makabenta, a veteran journalist now at The Manila Times, wrote a prominent column last month about the American ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki Haley, who enthusiastically praised President Rodrigo Duterte of the Philippines. “The Philippines is suffocating,” Mr. Makabenta quoted the ambassador as saying. “We must give President Duterte the space to run his nation.” Ms. Haley, he reported, warned of “destructive forces” that “have calibrated their plot to ouster movements” against Mr. Duterte.
Mr. Duterte no doubt appreciated Ms. Haley’s support. The only problem: It wasn’t true. Mr. Makabenta had based his column on a fake story from a website whose web address, grammatical errors and far-fetched assertions should have made clear that it was a counterfeit of Al Jazeera.
As it has around the world, the internet in the Philippines has become a morass of fake news and conspiracy theories, harassment and bullying. This has muddied public discourse and cultivated a populist attitude toward democracy. What is true, or legal, is no longer important as long as the majority supports it. Responsibility has been discarded for partisanship.
Since well before the presidential election last year, a multitude of dubious independent news sites, counterfeits of established news outlets and blatantly partisan blogs have supported Mr. Duterte. They have featured fake endorsements from leaders like Pope Francis (“chosen by God”), Emmanuel Macron (“role model”) and Angela Merkel (“a giant”). Celebrities who have offered praise, according to fake news, include Angelina Jolie, Dwayne Johnson and Arnold Schwarzenegger (who was said to have called Mr. Duterte “a real starring fighter”). Even NASA purportedly named him “the best president in the solar system.”
The fake news isn’t always complimentary. An opposition politician was said to be “recruiting soldiers for a coup.” Vice President Leni Robredo, of the opposition Liberal Party, had supposedly met with Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations secretary general at the time, to conspire to remove the president.