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It's not that black and white.
Some of those leagues actually did get reasonable competitors decades into being the sole big league. The UFC has only been the premier MMA org for 15 years. NFL, MLB and NBA (or their direct predecessors) all had competitors that they had to merge with past 15 years into their existence.
Those leagues have the hegemony that they do because they are based on American sports and developed during a time when sports were more domesticated. You are also thinking too linearly and forgot that NCAA Basketball and NCAA Football (or for think that they do not count because they are amateur, which isn't really relevant as they are still businesses and spectator sports none the less). I am fairly certain that the NCAA Basketball is more profitable than the NBA at the very least, and NCAA Football is probably the 2nd most popular sport after NFL Football in the United States.
Lastly, those leagues are the biggest leagues in terms of $ because USA is the biggest market. They are not the biggest or most popular leagues everywhere. This has already started with the UFC, there are a couple of places where the UFC is not the most popular MMA org or at least not the sole show in town.
MMA is very much not a domesticated sport. It has many means (and already an established interest) in many different cultures, countries and demographics. So for the four sports and their respective leagues that you mentioned you could just as easily counter with cricket, rugby league/union and soccer. Sure, is EPL the most popular and the generates the most money, yeah - would anyone say EPL = Soccer? Not even close.
It's still possible that MMA can diverge into different competitive leagues as the sports grow. You bring up a great point with loyalty to sports brands but me and you are referencing are team sports which naturally acquire way more brand loyalty than individual sports. In individual sports it is the norm not the exception for there to be multiple promoters, circuits and sanctioning body based events.
Even Pro Wrestling/WWE, likely the closest comparison to MMA/UFC - the WWE has been the equivalent of the UFC in its field for maybe 30 years out of 100+ years of Pro Wrestling's existence. It took several decades for WWE to get there, and once it did get there it still had viable competitors rise during a time when people thought it was impossible.
Also, like the UFC, the WWE struggled to get into markets with its own domestic brands like Japan (where wrestling was actually bigger and more profitable in Japan than in America) and Mexico (which only recently the WWE has become a viable competitor to CMLL).
Long story short, thinking sports = NFL/NBA/NHL is erroneous and American-centric, and they are not even as dominant as you likely think they are. There are way more sports than just those 4. Most sports more popular than American-centric stuff are not dominated by one league. There are a lot of variables and factors that go into this and if Jeff Bezzos wanted to have his own UFC he could with a fraction of his wealth.
Maybe Zuckerburg or Elon Musk's fight even gives them the idea to make their own MMA shit, and one year from now there is already a WWE vs WCW thing going on.
The UFC isn't Coca Cola yet there is still time for there to be viable competitor albeit it won't be any league that exist now (and even Coca Cola has had viable competitors including a company that was just Coca Cola-lite).
I think the UFC/MMA already went through what the NFL and other leagues went through with comp. growing up over decades of time. Very true a lot of them were along a long time and some had comp.. But once the money really started pouring in for one form it dried up quickly for everyone else.
The NFL is the worlds highest revenue generating sport by a long shot. Last year I believe they were like 19B and newest media deals when they kick in I believe they are pushing like 22-23B with a goal of 25B by 2027.
IPL is like 10 to 11B
MLB is like 10B
NBA is like 10B
EPL is like 7B
NHL is like 5B
La Liga is like 4B
US centric or domestic or whatever the numbers are the numbers. MMA is so niche that the UFC was able to basically brand MMA=UFC to the common person. Same with NFL with football, NBA with hockey, etc. I just don't think there is a market for a massive number 2 org. in MMA and it would take years and 100's of millions to get anyone even close. What your talking about with Zuckerberg or Musk is what happen with Mark Cuban. He had everything in the world going for him outside of the fighters themselves and he learned very quickly that this was battle that chances of success were very slim and not worth the risk. Even Viacom with Bellator. If it was just money to turn Bellator in a potential 1B or more company they'd have no problem putting more money in it. They have learned that it just isn't that simple and obliviously don't think the battle is worth the risk. I think the perfect timing would've been 2007ish to 2010 for a competitor to really push the UFC. Someone could've collected talent quickly(ie: buying orgs like the UFC did) and media catalogs. Today your starting from almost scratch. I think this whole PFL/Bellator sale talk or whatever is going on that is kind of the goal of it all. Combining two of bigger orgs together to be able to put on better shows consistently and hopefully with it all coming together a media deal that can support the org and only grow from there.
WWE/WCW battles was kind of perfect storm that occurred. WWE was ready to move on from the old guard that built the WWE to what it was at that time. WCW was willing to pay for those pieces and happen to write probably the greatest storyline in Pro Wrestling history with the NWO. All that coming together perfectly is what caught fans attention. UFC contracts and the way they do business I think they learned from the WWE what can happen and they geared business to not allow that to ever happen. Today the AEW is no risk to the WWE. They take in around 100M a year and are doing great. WWE is north of 300M and some very big media deals coming up that will probably push them well over 400M if not pushing 500M with Endeavour running the shit on the media deal side. I also believe its much different in Pro Wrestling to build an org since you can literally control every aspect of the sport entertainment. In sports you don't have that control and it makes it way harder to gain traction in the market.